Makina opangira ma pellet a mphete ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pakupangira mafuta amtundu wa biomass, ndipo mphete kufa ndiye gawo loyambira la makina opangira udzu wa mphete, komanso ndi gawo limodzi mwamakina omwe amavalidwa mosavuta pamakina a mphete kufa udzu pellet. Phunzirani zifukwa za kulephera kwa mphete, sinthani momwe mphete imagwiritsidwira ntchito, kusintha mtundu wazinthu ndi zotulutsa, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu (granulation mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya 30% mpaka 35% ya mphamvu yonse yogwiritsira ntchito msonkhano wonse), ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira (ring die loss one Mtengo wa pulojekitiyi umakhala woposa 25% mpaka 30% ya mtengo wokongoletsera wa msonkhano wonse wopanga).

1. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya makina opangira mphete

Kufa kwa mphete kumayendetsedwa kuti azizungulira ndi mota kudzera pa chotsitsa. The kukanikiza wodzigudubuza anaika mu mphete kufa si kuzungulira, koma azungulire palokha chifukwa cha kukangana ndi mozungulira mphete kufa (pophatikiza zinthu). The kuzimitsidwa ndi kupsya zipangizo kulowa kukanikiza chipinda ndi wogawana anagawira pakati pa kukanikiza odzigudubuza ndi spreader, clamped ndi kufinyidwa ndi kukanikiza odzigudubuza, ndi mosalekeza extruded kupyolera kufa dzenje la mphete kufa kupanga columnar particles ndi kutsatira mphete kufa. Mphete imazunguliridwa, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamafuta tambiri tambiri timadulidwa ndi chodulira chomwe chimayikidwa kunja kwa mphete. Kuthamanga kwa mzere wa mphete kufa ndi mpukutu wa nip ndi chimodzimodzi nthawi iliyonse yokhudzana, ndipo mphamvu zake zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga pelletizing. Mu ntchito yachibadwa ya mphete kufa, pamakhala kukangana pakati pa mphete kufa ndi zinthu. Pamene kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangidwa kumawonjezeka, mpheteyo imafa pang'onopang'ono imatha ndipo pamapeto pake imalephera. Pepalali likufuna kusanthula zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa mphete, kuti apange malingaliro opangira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpheteyo.

2. Kusanthula kulephera zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa mphete

Kuchokera pakuwona kulephera kwenikweni kwa mphete kufa, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu. Mtundu woyamba: Pambuyo pa imfa ya mphete yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, khoma lamkati la dzenje laling'ono lazinthu latha, kukula kwa dzenje kumawonjezeka, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamafuta opangidwa ndi granular biomass amaposa mtengo wotchulidwa ndipo amalephera; mtundu wachiwiri: Pambuyo pa khoma lamkati la mphete kufa, mkati mwake Kusafanana ndi koopsa, komwe kumalepheretsa kutuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamafuta, ndipo voliyumu yotulutsa imachepa ndikusiya kugwiritsa ntchito; mtundu wachitatu: pambuyo pa khoma lamkati la mphete kufa, m'mimba mwake ukuwonjezeka ndipo makulidwe a khoma amachepetsa, ndipo khoma lamkati la dzenje lotulutsa limavalanso ndi kuvala. , kotero kuti makulidwe a khoma pakati pa mabowo otulutsa amachepetsedwa mosalekeza, kotero mphamvu zamapangidwe zimachepa. Pamaso m'mimba mwake maenje kumaliseche ukuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wololeka (ndiko kuti, pamaso mtundu woyamba wa kulephera chodabwitsa zimachitika), mu oopsa kwambiri Ming'alu anayamba kuonekera pa mtanda ndikupitiriza kukula mpaka ming'alu anawonjezera kwa osiyanasiyana lalikulu ndi mphete kufa analephera. Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwazinthu zitatu zomwe tatchulazi zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule ngati kuvala konyowa koyamba, kenako kutopa.

2-1 Zovala za abrasive

Pali zifukwa zambiri zobvala, zomwe zimagawidwa muzovala zachilendo ndi zachilendo. Zifukwa zazikulu za kuvala bwino ndi chilinganizo cha zinthu, ndi kuphwanya tinthu kukula, ndi quenching ndi kutentha khalidwe la ufa. Pamavalidwe abwinobwino, mpheteyo imafa imavalidwa mwanjira ya axial, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzenje lalikulu komanso makulidwe ocheperako. Zifukwa zazikulu za kuvala kwachilendo ndi: choponderetsa choponderezedwa chimasinthidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa wodzigudubuza ndi mphete kufa ndi kochepa, ndipo amavala wina ndi mzake; ngodya ya wofalitsa si yabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kugawidwa kosagwirizana kwa zipangizo ndi kuvala pang'ono; chitsulo chimagwera mu kufa ndi kuvala. Pachifukwa ichi, mphete ya mphete nthawi zambiri imavalidwa mosasintha, makamaka ngati ng'oma ya m'chiuno.

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Zopangira tinthu kukula Zopangira pulverization fineness ayenera zolimbitsa ndi yunifolomu, chifukwa zopangira pulverization fineness chimatsimikizira padziko dera wopangidwa ndi zotsalira zazomera mafuta particles. Ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono tazinthu zopangira tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri, kuvala kwa kufa kumawonjezeka, zokolola zimachepa, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumawonjezeka. Nthawi zambiri pamafunika kuti zopangira zidutse pa sieve ya ma mesh 8 pambuyo pophwanyidwa, ndipo zomwe zili pa 25-mesh sieve zisapitirire 35%. Pazinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi ulusi wambiri wamafuta, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumatha kuchepetsa kukangana pakati pa zinthuzo ndi mphete kufa panthawi ya granulation, zomwe zimapindulitsa kuti zinthuzo zidutse mu mphete kufa, ndipo ma pellets amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala pambuyo popanga. Makina opangira ma pellet opangidwa ndi mphete

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Kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zopangira: Kuchuluka kwa mchenga ndi zitsulo zosafunika zomwe zili m'zinthuzo zimafulumizitsa kufa kwa kufa. Choncho, kuyeretsa zipangizo ndi zofunika kwambiri. Pakalipano, zomera zambiri zamafuta amtundu wa pellet zimaganizira kwambiri kuchotsa zonyansa zachitsulo muzopangira, chifukwa zinthu zachitsulo zidzawononga kwambiri nkhungu ya atolankhani, makina osindikizira komanso ngakhale zipangizo. Komabe, palibe chidwi chomwe chimaperekedwa pakuchotsa mchenga ndi zonyansa za miyala. Izi ziyenera kudzutsa chidwi cha ogwiritsa ntchito makina a ring die straw pellet